Everything about Plymouth Blitz totally explained
» For the British collegiate American football team see Plymouth Blitz (BCAFL)
The
Plymouth Blitz was a series of bombing raids carried out by the
Luftwaffe on the
English city of
Plymouth in the
Second World War. The bombings launched on numerous British cities were known as
the Blitz.
The royal dockyards at
HMNB Devonport were the main target in order to facilitate
Nazi German domination during the
Battle of the Atlantic. Despite this,
civilian casualties were very high and the dockyards continued in operation. The first bombs fell on the city on Saturday
6 July 1940 at
Swilly, killing 3 people. In early
1941, five raids reduced much of the city to rubble. The last attack came on
30 April 1944. During the 59 bombing attacks, 1,172 civilians were killed and 4,448 injured.
The resident population fell from 220,000 at the outbreak of war to, at one point, 127,000. In 1941 most of the children were
evacuated and on any night that a raid was expected thousands of people were taken by lorry into the countryside, usually to the fringes of
Dartmoor.
On the evening of
22 April 1941 during an attack on the central area, the communal
air-raid shelter at Portland Square took a direct hit which killed 70 people. In the early 2000s, this was commemorated by
Plymouth University which named a new building on the site after the incident, and also commissioned a local artist to create a commemorative piece.
During the blitz the two main shopping centres and nearly every civic building were destroyed, along with 26 schools, eight cinemas and 41 churches. In total, 3,754 houses were destroyed with a further 18,398 seriously damaged.
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